Dear Reader,
Hello, once again. I hope you and your loved ones are doing well. If you are not doing well, here’s a book I recommend reading. It is entitled When Bad Things Happen To Good People by Harold S. Kushner. I learned about this during an afternoon presentation (called “Mental Health and Trauma” by Dr. K’dee Crews) while attending CORE Upclose on July 8, 2023.
This following quote was what I read first from this book in which was used during the presentation on explaining the just-world hypothesis on why suffering occurs:
Like most people, I was aware of the human tragedies that darkened the landscape—the young people who died in car crashes, the cheerful, loving people wasted by crippling disease, the neighbors and relatives whose retarded or mentally ill children people spoke of in hushed tones. But that awareness never drove me to wonder about God’s justice, or to question His fairness. I assumed He knew more about the world than I did. Then came that day in the hospital when the doctor told us about Aaron and explained what progeria meant. It contradicted everything I had been taught. I could only repeat over and over again in my mind, ‘This can’t be happening. It is not how the world is supposed to work.’ Tragedies like this happen to selfish, dishonest people whom I, as a rabbi, would then try to comfort by assuring them of God’s forgiving love. How could it be happening to me, to my son, if what I believed about the world is true?
When Bad Things Happen To Good People (1981, p. 5)
I had written notes on several Post-it notes while reading a copy of When Bad Things Happen To Good People so that once I was sitting here at the computer and writing this book review, I could just refer to these notes. The first note, referring to the quote below, I had written says “this is golden!”
A parent who disciplines a child for doing something wrong but never tells him what he is being punished for, is hardly a model of responsible parenthood. Yet, those who explain suffering as God’s why of teaching us to change are at a loss to specify just what it is about us we are supposed to change.
When Bad Things Happen To Good People (1981, p. 28)
The next note mentioned for me to consider sharing and, yes, I have considered and I decided not to share it since it wouldn’t do justice to only share two paragraphs (i.e. have to share about two pages for the reader to grasp the concept). If you are interested, you can read if suffering the result of being tested by God on pages 29 – 31. I will share the ending portion of it below.
Does God ‘temper the wind to the shorn lamb?’ Does He never ask more of us than we can endure? My experience, alas, has been otherwise. I have seen people crack under the strain of unbearable tragedy. I have seen marriages break up after the death of a child, because parents blamed each other for not taking proper care or for carrying the defective gene, or simply because the memories they shared were unendurably painful. I have seen some people made noble and sensitive through suffering, but I have seen many more people grow cynical and bitter. I have seen people become jealous of those around them, unable to take part in the routines of normal living. I have seen cancers and automobile accidents take the life of one member of a family, and functionally end the lives of five others, who could never again be the normal, cheerful people they were before disaster struck. If God is testing us, He must know by now that many of us fail the test. If He is only giving us burdens we can bear, I have seen Him miscalculate far too often.
When Bad Things Happen To Good People (1981, p. 31)
I saw that as a good point! At the end of this chapter entitled “Why Do The Righteous Suffer?”, Kushner states all of the responses to tragedy that has been considered within that chapter have at least one thing in common: “they all assume that God is the cause of our suffering, and they try to understand why God would want us to suffer” (1981, p. 34). As a result, “we were left either hating ourselves for deserving such a fate, or hating God for sending it to us when we did not deserve it” (Kushner, 1981, p. 34). The last two paragraphs allows the reader to consider if something else is the reason for suffering. Kushner states instead of God deciding which families to give birth to a handicapped child, could it be that God stands ready to help those type of families if they can get beyond the feelings of guilt and anger that separate us from Him? (1981, p. 35).
The second chapter talks about the man name Job. According to Kushner, the book of Job (found in the Bible) is “a long philosophical poem on the subject of why God lets bad things happen to good people” (1981, p. 36). Reading into the chapter, the author states what Job understood was the reason of his suffering.
…we live in an unjust world, from which we cannot expect fairness. There is a God, but He is free of the limitations of justice and righteousness.
When Bad Things Happen To Good People (1981, p. 47)
Kushner states “forced to choose between a good God who is not totally powerful, or a powerful God who is not totally good, the author of the Book of Job chooses to believe in God’s goodness” (1981, p. 49).
Chapter three is entitled “Sometimes There Is No Reason.” Within this chapter, I had placed how I was enjoying the book up to page 59, paragraph 3. The following paragraph stated something that not all Christians believe but the author stated it with the word “we” (as in “we know today”). At that point, I felt a sourness in my stomach. I sighed and said “well, I’m not going to let one doctrinal disagreement stop me from the reviewing the precious rubies that can be gathered from this book and shared with others.” So I kept reading.
I didn’t have another note for chapter three so, moving on to chapter four, that is entitled “No Exceptions For Nice People,” Kushner mentioned how natural laws is the reason people become sick. He stated the following:
I don’t know why one person gets sick, and another does not, but I can only assume that some natural laws which we don’t understand are at work. I cannot believe that God ‘sends’ illness to a specific person for a specific reason. I don’t believe in a God who has a weekly quota of malignant tumors to distribute, and consults His computer to find out who deserves one most or who could handle it best.
When Bad Things Happen To Good People (1981, p. 69)
Kushner believes it would be helpful to rephrase the question from “why good people have to suffer” to “why any people have to suffer at all.” To find his answer, please read pages 69 – 74. It includes:
- The reason for pain (i.e. the science behind pain)
- Why some people recover from sickness faster compared to those that don’t (hint: community)
- Cannot indefinitely abuse the body and neglect health without increasing the risk of something going wrong (ex: smoke two packs of cigarettes and then say “How could God do this to me?” when end up developing lung cancer)
Those that suffer after losing someone to death are often given such phrases that are meant to provide comfort. However, some can often lead people away from God instead of moving towards God. I like how Kushner states how Homer’s Odyssey shares the “gift” of being mortal. Those that are mortals would find life full of meaning and noting how every decision is significant because time is limited for mortals. As a result, whenever the mortal in Odyssey choose to do something, it represented “a real choice” (Kushner, 1981, p. 78-79). And if people lived forever and never died, Kushner mentioned one of two things would have to happen: “the world would become impossibly crowded, or else people would avoid having children to avoid that crowding” (1981, p. 80). He also stated “humanity would be deprived of that sense of a fresh start, that potential for something new under the sun, which the birth of a child represents” (1981, p. 80). In conclusion, Kushner stated we probably never would have been born (1981, p. 80).
In chapter five, entitled “God Leaves Us Room To Be Human,” I had one note on that had things could happen because humans aren’t animals. In other words, we have free choice. As a result, some choices lead to bad things happening (see pages 89 -91).
When I reached to chapter six, the title caught my attention: “God Helps Those Who Stop Hurting Themselves.” This caught my attention.
If we want to be able to pick up the pieces of our lives and go on living, we have to get over the irrational feeling that every misfortune is our fault, the direct result of our mistakes or misbehavior. We are not that powerful. Not everything that happens in this world is our doing.
When Bad Things Happen To Good People (1981, p. 113)
Since I am still reading this book, I will have to end with chapter seven (there are eight chapters; the eighth one is called “What Good, Then, Is Religion?”) in which is entitled “God Can’t Do Everything, But He Can Do Some Important Things.” This chapter explains the subject of prayer. As Kushner states, people often pray for favorable outcomes (ex: operations). He mentioned something that is solemn: “If prayer worked the way many people think it does, no one would ever die, because no prayer is ever offered more sincerely than the prayer for life, for health and recovery from illness, for ourselves and for those we love” (1981, p. 126). Kushner believed in another reason for prayer and even states how the Talmud gives examples of bad prayers, improper prayers, which one should not utter.
- If a woman is already pregnant, no one should pray that it would be a boy (nor pray for it to be a girl) because this has already been determined at conception
- If a man sees a fire engine racing to their neighborhood, don’t pray for it to not be their house because a certain house is already on fire
To sum all of this up, Kushner states he believes God doesn’t send us a problem (i.e. God doesn’t give someone a disabled child) but He does give us the strength to cope with the problem.
To learn more about Harold S. Kushner, click here. To get a copy of When Bad Things Happen To Good People, click here.
Reference
Kushner, H. S. (1981). Why bad things happen to good people. Schocken Books.